Sunday, December 7, 2014

Body Systems


Body Systems:
http://quizlet.com/7294628/human-body-systems-flash-cards/





Name:ComponentsRole
Skeletal SystemBones, Associated cartilages, JointsStrength, Support, Shape, Protection, Leverage, Cell Production
Muscular SystemMuscles (Skeletal Muscles, Smooth mucles, Cardiac Muscles)Motor power for movements of body parts.
Nervous SystemBrain, Spinal Cord, Nerves, Nerve EndingsControl and Coordination of all body functions (Nervous coordination)
Respiratory SystemLungs, Nose, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveolar sacs, AlveoliGaseou exchange
Cardiovascular SystemHeart, Blood vessels (Arteries, Veins and Capillaries), BloodFlow of blood (and nutrients) throughout body
Lymphatic SystemLymph vessels, Central lymphoid tissue, Peripheral Lymphoid Organs, LymphocytesDrainage and Protection
Endocrine SystemEndocrine glands (Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Parathyroid glands, Adrenal glands, Pancreas (endocrine part), Testes (endocrine part), Ovary (endocrine part), Liver (endocrine part))Regulation of body functions (Chemical coordination)
Digestive SystemAlimentary Canal (Oral Cavity, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Anus), Liver, Pancreas, Salivary glands, Teeth, TongueDigestion and absorption of food
Urinary SystemKidneys, Ureters, Urinary bladder, UrethraRegulation of body’s internal environment, and production and excretion of urine
Male Reproductive SystemPenis, TestesFormation of sperms and semen, and fertilizing the female
Female Reproductive SystemUterus, Ovaries, Vulva, Labia, ClitorisFormation of eggs and bearing the fetus during development

Sunday, November 30, 2014

Classification

What is Classification?


Classification
(mnemonic)

...which stands for




What is a Cladogram?


Wednesday, November 12, 2014

Friday, November 7, 2014

Ecology

Levels of Organization:


Vocabulary: Levels of Organization

http://quizlet.com/11674794/ecosystems-levels-of-organization-in-ecology-flash-cards/


Pyramids

1. Pyramid of Numbers- how many organisms live at each level




2. Biomas Pyramid- the amount of living weight at each level





3. Energy Pyramid- flow of energy (ONLY 10% of energy is transfered)



Sunday, October 26, 2014

Evolution- Population Growth, Evidence of Evolution and Antibiotic Resistance

Population Growth

Key Terms:
Population
Gene Pool
Limiting Factors
Carrying Capacity
Density Dependent
Density Independent
Exponential Growth
Extinction

Evidence of Evolution

Key Terms:
Fossils
Homologous Structure
Analogous Structure
Vestigal Structure
Embryology
DNA

Flashcards
http://quizlet.com/10350373/evidence-of-evolution-flash-cards/

Antibiotic Resistance

Key Terms:
Antibiotic
Resist



Sunday, October 12, 2014

Karyotypes, Punnet Square, & Pedigree

Karyotypes:




Punnet Square:

(Video reviews vocabulary)


Punnet Square Practice: http://www.zerobio.com/drag_gr11/mono.htm
Practice Questions: http://www.quia.com/quiz/220564.html

Pedigree:





Practice for all:


Name: ____________________

Punnett Square, Pedigree and Karyotype Practice


Vocabulary.  Define the following words.


  1. Pedigree



  1. Karyotype



  1. Sex-linked Inheritance



  1. Autosome



  1. Sex Chromosome



1. In seals, the gene for the length of the whiskers has two alleles. Long whiskers are

dominant, short whiskers are recessive. We use the letter “w” to describe whisker length.

a. Write the homozygous dominant genotype. __________

b. What is the phenotype for the genotype above (#a)? ___________

c. Write the heterozygous genotype. ______

d. What is the phenotype for the genotype above (#c)?________________

e. Write the homozygous recessive genotype.________

f. What is the phenotype for the genotype above (#e)?________________


g. In a cross between a homozygous dominant papa seal with a homozygous recessive mama seal, what

percentage of the offspring would be expected to have long whiskers?


Punnett Square:                                                                    % with long whiskers?




h. In a cross of two heterozygous parent seals, what percentage of the offspring would be expected to have short whiskers?


Punnet Square:                                                                     % with short whiskers?




2. In purple people eaters, one-horn is dominant and no horns are recessive. A homozygous dominant purple people eater mates with a no-horned purple people eater.Use H and h for alleles.

a. What are the genotype probabilities of the offspring? ________________

b. What are the phenotype probabilities of the offspring? _______________


3. In Gateway gators, blue is the dominant skin color (B), red is recessive (b). But a cross between a blue gator & a red gator produces a purple gator (Bb).

a. What pattern of inheritance does this illustrate? ____________________

b. If a purple gator is crossed with a blue gator, what is the chance the baby will be red? ___________


Blood Type Problems

1. List all the possible genotypes for each of the 4 blood types (Use IA, IB, and i):

Type O ____________                                               Type B______________

Type A ____________                                               Type AB_____________



SHOW WORK FOR PROBLEMS BELOW!

2. A man with AB blood is married to a woman with AB blood. What blood types will their children be and in what proportion?



3. A man who has type B blood (genotype: BB) is married to a woman with type O blood. What blood type will their children have?



4. A woman with type A blood (genotype: AO) is married to a type B person (genotype: BO). What blood types will their children have?



5. A woman with type A blood is claiming that a man with type AB blood is the father of her child, who is also type AB. Could this man be the father? Show the possible crosses; remember the woman can have AO or AA genotypes.


6. A man with type AB blood is married to a woman with type O blood. They have two natural children, and one adopted child. The children's blood types are: A, B, and O. Which child was adopted?



7. A person with type O blood is married to a person with type A blood (unknown genotype). They have 6 children, 3 of them have type A blood, three of them have type O blood. What is the genotype of the two parents?



Pedigree Problems


1. Huntington’s disease is a dominant disease. Individuals who are homozygous dominant and heterozygous get the disease, but individuals who are homozygous recessive do not get the disease.

a. What are the genotypes of people who get Huntington’s disease? _________________________


b. Both parents are heterozygous for the Huntington’s allele. What is the chance that their child will not have Huntington’s disease? _______________________________



2.  Which people are affected?




What shape represents a male?




What shape represents a female?



How do you know if people are married?



How do you know if people are siblings?



3.  Is the allele for widow’s peal dominant or recessive?


Make a punnett square for the 4th generation (hint: if the 3rd generation has a baby)










4.  What is the genotype of the affected people?


Why is there a “?” for some of the people?



Which generation has 2 affected siblings?



Is there any explanation for the higher frequency of affected people in this generation (from above)?





Karyotype Problems


A chart of chromosome pairs is called a karyotype.  This is collected from a sample of cells from an individual or fetus.  Metaphase chromosomes are photographed, and the chromosome pictures are enlarged, cut apart and arranged in pairs on a chart according to length and location of the centromere.





  1.  How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? 
  2. Is this person male or female?  How can you tell? 
  3. The sex of an individual is determined by what?  The number of X chromosomes or Y chromosomes?
  4. Examine the pedigree, what is wrong with karyotype?  What location is the disorder?
  5. This is called Trisomy 21 or Down Syndrome.  What is this disorder?